9
The fifth trumpet
1 Καὶ ὁ πέμπτος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν, καὶ εἶδον ἀστέρα ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεπτωκότα εἰς τὴν γῆν. Καὶ ἐδόθη αὐτῷ ἡ κλεὶς τοῦ φρέατος τῆς Ἀβύσσου. 2 Καὶ ἤνοιξεν τὸ φρέαρ τῆς Ἀβύσσου,* καὶ ἀνέβη καπνὸς ἐκ τοῦ φρέατος ὡς καπνὸς καμίνου καιομένης·† καὶ ἐσκοτίσθη‡ ὁ ἥλιος καὶ ὁ ἀὴρ ἐκ τοῦ καπνοῦ τοῦ φρέατος. 3 Καὶ ἐκ τοῦ καπνοῦ ἐξῆλθον ἀκρίδες εἰς τὴν γῆν. Καὶ ἐδόθη αὐταῖς ἐξουσία ὡς ἔχουσιν ἐξουσίαν οἱ σκορπίοι τῆς γῆς. 4 Καὶ ἐρρέθη αὐταῖς ἵνα μὴ ἀδικήσωσιν§ τὸν χόρτον τῆς γῆς οὐδὲ πᾶν χλωρὸν οὐδὲ πᾶν δένδρον, εἰ μὴ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους μόνους* οἵτινες οὐκ ἔχουσιν τὴν σφραγῖδα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐπὶ τῶν μετώπων αὐτῶν.† 5 Καὶ ἐδόθη αὐταῖς‡ ἵνα μὴ ἀποκτείνωσιν αὐτούς, ἀλλ᾿ ἵνα βασανισθῶσιν§ μῆνας πέντε. Καὶ ὁ βασανισμὸς αὐτῶν ὡς βασανισμὸς σκορπίου ὅταν πλήξῃ* ἄνθρωπον. 6 Καὶ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις ζητοῦσιν† οἱ ἄνθρωποι τὸν θάνατον, καὶ οὐ μὴ εὑρήσουσιν‡ αὐτόν· καὶ ἐπιθυμήσουσιν ἀποθανεῖν, καὶ φεύξεται§ ἀπ᾿ αὐτῶν ὁ θάνατος.*
7 Καὶ τὰ ὁμοιώματα τῶν ἀκρίδων ὅμοια ἵπποις ἡτοιμασμένοις εἰς πόλεμον, καὶ ἐπὶ τὰς κεφαλὰς αὐτῶν ὡς στέφανοι χρυσοῖ,† καὶ τὰ πρόσωπα αὐτῶν ὡς πρόσωπα ἀνθρώπων. 8 Καὶ εἶχον τρίχας ὡς τρίχας γυναικῶν, καὶ οἱ ὀδόντες αὐτῶν ὡς λεόντων ἦσαν. 9 Καὶ εἶχον θώρακας ὡς θώρακας σιδηροῦς, καὶ ἡ φωνὴ τῶν πτερύγων αὐτῶν ὡς φωνὴ ἁρμάτων ἵππων πολλῶν τρεχόντων εἰς πόλεμον. 10 Καί, ἔχουσιν οὐρὰς ὁμοίας σκορπίοις, καὶ κέντρα, καὶ‡ ἐν ταῖς οὐραῖς αὐτῶν. Ἐξουσίαν ἔχουσιν τοῦ§ ἀδικῆσαι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους μῆνας πέντε, 11 ἔχουσαι βασιλέα ἐπ᾿ αὐτῶν* ἄγγελον τῆς Ἀβύσσου—ὄνομα αὐτῷ Ἑβραϊστὶ Ἀββαδδών,† ἐν δὲ‡ τῇ Ἑλληνικῇ ὄνομα ἔχει Ἀπολλύων.
12 Ἡ οὐαὶ ἡ μία ἀπῆλθεν. Ἰδού, ἔρχεται§ ἔτι δύο οὐαὶ μετὰ ταῦτα.
The sixth trumpet
13 Καὶ ὁ ἕκτος ἄγγελος ἐσάλπισεν, καὶ ἤκουσα φωνὴν μίαν ἐκ τῶν τεσσάρων* κεράτων τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου τοῦ χρυσοῦ τοῦ ἐνώπιον τοῦ Θεοῦ, 14 λέγουσαν† τῷ ἕκτῳ ἀγγέλῳ, ὁ ἔχων‡ τὴν σάλπιγγα, «Λῦσον τοὺς τέσσαρας ἀγγέλους τοὺς δεδεμένους ἐπὶ τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ μεγάλῳ Εὐφράτῃ.» 15 Καὶ ἐλύθησαν οἱ τέσσαρες ἄγγελοι—οἱ ἡτοιμασμένοι εἰς τὴν ὥραν καὶ τὴν ἡμέραν§ καὶ μῆνα καὶ ἐνιαυτόν—ἵνα ἀποκτείνωσιν τὸ τρίτον τῶν ἀνθρώπων. 16 Καὶ ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῶν* στρατευμάτων τοῦ ἵππου† μυριάδες‡ μυριάδων (ἤκουσα§ τὸν ἀριθμὸν αὐτῶν). 17 Καὶ οὕτως εἶδον τοὺς ἵππους ἐν τῇ ὁράσει· καὶ τοὺς καθημένους ἐπ᾿ αὐτῶν, ἔχοντας θώρακας πυρίνους καὶ ὑακινθίνους καὶ θειώδεις· καὶ αἱ κεφαλαὶ τῶν ἵππων ὡς κεφαλαὶ λεόντων· καὶ ἐκ τῶν στομάτων αὐτῶν ἐκπορεύεται πῦρ καὶ καπνὸς καὶ θεῖον. 18 Ἀπὸ* τῶν τριῶν πληγῶν τούτων ἀπεκτάνθησαν τὸ τρίτον τῶν ἀνθρώπων—ἐκ† τοῦ πυρὸς καὶ‡ τοῦ καπνοῦ καὶ§ τοῦ θείου τοῦ ἐκπορευομένου ἐκ τῶν στομάτων αὐτῶν. 19 Ἡ γὰρ ἐξουσία τῶν ἵππων* ἐν τῷ στόματι αὐτῶν ἐστιν†—καὶ ἐν ταῖς οὐραῖς αὐτῶν, αἱ γὰρ οὐραὶ αὐτῶν ὅμοιαι ὄφεσιν,‡ ἔχουσαι κεφαλάς, καὶ ἐν αὐταῖς ἀδικοῦσιν.
20 Καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, οἳ οὐκ ἀπεκτάνθησαν ἐν ταῖς πληγαῖς ταύταις, οὐ§ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν ἔργων τῶν χειρῶν αὐτῶν, ἵνα μὴ προσκυνήσωσιν* τὰ δαιμόνια, καὶ τὰ εἴδωλα,† τὰ χρυσᾶ καὶ τὰ ἀργυρᾶ καὶ τὰ χαλκᾶ‡ καὶ τὰ λίθινα καὶ τὰ ξύλινα, ἃ οὔτε βλέπειν δύναται§ οὔτε ἀκούειν οὔτε περιπατεῖν· 21 καὶ οὐ μετενόησαν ἐκ τῶν φόνων αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῶν φαρμακειῶν* αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῶν οὔτε ἐκ τῶν κλεμμάτων αὐτῶν.
* 9:2 και ηνοιξεν το φρεαρ της αβυσσου f35 Mb,d,e,g,h,ipt A,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU,TR ¦ — Ma,e⅓,f,h¼,ipt ℵ (OC is in small print.) † 9:2 καιομενης f35 Ma,b,f,g,ipt RP,HF,OC ¦ μεγαλης Md,e,hpt,ipt ℵA,CP,NU,TR ¦ μεγαλης καιομενης Mhpt ‡ 9:2 εσκοτισθη rell ¦ εσκοτωθη A,0207,NU § 9:4 αδικησωσιν rell ¦ αδικησουσιν A,NU * 9:4 μονους f35 CP,TR ¦ — Ma,b,d,e,f,g,h,i ℵA,RP,HF,OC,NU (The adjective emphasizes that it is only those without God’s mark; all greenery has already been excluded, and here people with God’s mark are expressly excluded.) † 9:4 αυτων f35 Ma,b,e⅔,f,g,h,i CP,RP,HF,OC,TR ¦ — Md,e⅓,h¼ ℵA,NU ‡ 9:5 αυταις rell ¦ αυτοις Me⅓,gpt ℵA,NU § 9:5 βασανισθωσιν rell ¦ βασανισθησονται Me⅔(⅙) ℵA,NU * 9:5 πληξη f35 CP ¦ παιση Ma,b,d⅗,e,f,g⅓,h,i RP,HF,OC,NU,TR ¦ πεση Ma⅙,b2/7,g⅔,h2/7 ℵA (It is difficult to imagine medieval monks changing παιση to πληξη; on what basis would they do so? On the other hand, the unfamiliar πληξη could be changed to παιση, and even πεση, early on [πλησσω having been used with the 2nd aorist in 8:12 above, the 1st aorist would be unexpected]. πλησσω is used for sudden, violent strikes, like from lightning or God’s wrath; it is used expressly of a scorpion’s sting in the 1st century AD [Sammelb.1267.6]. In this context πληξη is precisely appropriate, although the difference in meaning is slight.) † 9:6 ζητουσιν f35 Ma⅓,f⅓ CP ¦ ζητησουσιν Ma⅔,b,c⅕,d,e,f⅔,g,h ℵA,RP,HF,OC,NU,TR ‡ 9:6 ου μη ευρησουσιν f35 Ma⅔,ept,f,g⅓,h⅓,ipt ℵ,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ 12 ευρησωσιν Ma⅕,gpt ¦ 12 ευρωσιν Mb,d,ept,h⅓,ipt A ¦ ουχ 3 Mh¼ TR § 9:6 φευξεται rell ¦ φευγει Me⅔,h⅔ A,NU ¦ φυγη ℵ * 9:6 απ αυτων ο θανατος f35 Ma,b,f,gpt,i CP,RP,HF,OC ¦ ~ 3412 Md,e,h ℵA,NU,TR ¦ 12 Mgpt † 9:7 χρυσοι f35 Ma,f,g,i 0207,CP,RP,HF ¦ ομοιοι χρυσω Mb,d,e,h A,NU,TR ¦ ομοιοι χρυσιω OC ¦ ομοιοι ℵ ‡ 9:10 και f35 Ma,f,gpt,h⅔,i ℵA,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ — Ma⅙,b,d,e,gpt,h⅓ ¦ ην TR § 9:10 εξουσιαν εχουσιν του f35 Ma,gpt(pt),h⅓,i⅔ CP,RP,HF,OC ¦ 12 Md⅓,f,i⅓ ¦ και 12 Md⅔ ¦ και η εξουσια αυτων Me TR ¦ η εξουσια αυτων Mb,e⅙,h⅔ 𝕻47ℵA(0207)NU * 9:11 εχουσαι βασιλεα επ αυτων f35 Ma,f,gpt(pt),i CP,RP,HF ¦ εχουσι 234 τον OC ¦ και εχουσιν 234 Mb ¦ ~ και (𝕻47A,NU[and some of the cursives]) εχουσιν 342 τον Md,e,h,i¼ (𝕻47A)(NU) ¦ ~ και εχουσιν εφ 42 τον TR ¦ εχουσιν εαυτων τον 2 τον ℵ † 9:11 αββαδδων f35 ¦ αββαδων Ma¼,c⅖,d,e⅔,f CP,RP,HF ¦ αββααδων Ma⅙,bpt ¦ αββααδδων Ma¼,g⅓ ¦ αβαδδων Mbpt,e¼,gpt,hpt,ipt ℵA,OC,NU,TR ¦ βαττων 𝕻47 (There are some 25 variants, half being singular readings. There are three basic questions: how many ‘betas’, ‘alphas’ and ‘deltas’. The evidence looks like this: ββ – f35Mapt,bpt,d,e⅔,f,g⅓,h¼,i⅔ VS β – Mapt,bpt,e⅓,g⅔,h,i⅓ 𝕻47ℵA; αα – Mapt,bpt,g⅓,h¼ VS α – f35Mapt,bpt,d,e,f,g⅔,h,i 𝕻47ℵA; δδ – f35⅗Ma¼,bpt,e¼,g⅔,hpt,ipt (𝕻47)ℵA VS δ – f35⅖Ma,bpt,d,e,f,g⅓,hpt,ipt. Putting it all together, the single vowel appears certain; the evidence for the double ‘beta’ is stronger, as also for the single ‘delta’, except that almost all of the better representatives of f35 have the double delta, while most of the least faithful ones show the single delta, so there is little question but that the family archetype read two deltas, that also have a better geographical distribution. The Hebrew has a double δ but a single β, the reading of OC,NU,TR, but the evidence for ββ is quite strong—probably the archetypal spelling for all three main lines of transmission.) ‡ 9:11 εν δε f35 Ma,b,d,f,g,i CP,RP,HF,OC ¦ ~ και 1 Me,h 𝕻47ℵA,NU,TR § 9:12 ερχεται f35 Ma,e⅓,f,g,h⅖,i⅗ 𝕻47ℵA,CP,RP,HF,NU ¦ ερχονται Ma⅙,b,d,e⅔,h⅗,i⅖ 0207,OC,TR * 9:13 τεσσαρων rell [NU] ¦ — Md,h⅓ 𝕻47A,0207 ¦ ℵ omits five words † 9:14 λεγουσαν f35 Ma¼,b,d,e,gpt,h⅗,i¼ 𝕻470207,CP,RP,TR ¦ λεγοντος Ma,f,gpt,h⅖,i HF,OC ¦ λεγοντα ℵA,NU ‡ 9:14 ο εχων rell ¦ τω εχοντι Mb ¦ ος ειχε TR § 9:15 και την ημεραν f35 Md,hpt ¦ 1 εις 23 Ma,b,f,g,i RP,HF,OC ¦ 13 Md¼,e,hpt 𝕻47A,NU,TR ¦ — ℵ,CP (For εις we have a,b,f,g,i; against we have f35 d,e,h,𝕻47ℵA; the evidence for την is tranquil.) (A clear instance of a,b,f,g,i working as a group.) (OC is in small print.) * 9:16 των rell ¦ — TR † 9:16 ιππου f35 Ma,b,f⅗,gpt,ipt CP,RP,HF,OC ¦ ιππικου Md,e,f⅖,gpt,h,ipt 𝕻47ℵA,NU,TR (‘horse’ or ‘horsy’?) ‡ 9:16 μυριαδες f35 Ma,b,ept,f⅗,g,h⅔,i CP,RP,HF ¦ δυο 1 Md 𝕻47(ℵ)OC,TR ¦ δις 1 Mept,f⅖,h⅓ A,NU (Just one hundred million.) (OC is in small print.) § 9:16 ηκουσα rell ¦ και 1 TR * 9:18 απο rell ¦ υπο HF,TR † 9:18 εκ f35 Md,e,h 𝕻47ℵA,C,CP,OC,NU,TR ¦ απο Ma,b,e⅕,f,g,i RP,HF ‡ 9:18 και f35 Ma,b,d,e¼,f,g,h⅗,i ℵA,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ 1 εκ Me,h⅖ 𝕻47,C,TR § 9:18 και f35 Ma,b,e¼,f,g,h⅔,i ℵA,C,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU ¦ 1 εκ Md,e,h⅓ 𝕻47,TR * 9:19 η γαρ εξουσια των ιππων rell ¦ 1234 τοπων A ¦ ~ ην 21345 𝕻47 ¦ αι 2 εξουσιαι αυτων TR † 9:19 εστιν rell ¦ εισιν TR ‡ 9:19 οφεσιν f35 Md,e⅗,h,i⅓ 𝕻47(ℵA,C)CP,OC,NU,TR ¦ οφεων Ma,b,e⅖,f,g,i⅔ RP,HF (ομοιος normally takes the dative, but the genitive does occur.) § 9:20 ου f35 Ma,b,d,e¼,f,g,h⅖,i C,CP,RP,HF,OC ¦ ουτε Me,h⅕ A,TR ¦ ουδε Mhpt 𝕻47ℵ,NU * 9:20 προσκυνησωσιν rell ¦ προσκυνησουσιν 𝕻47ℵA,C,NU † 9:20 και τα ειδωλα rell ¦ 13 TR ¦ — 𝕻47 ‡ 9:20 και τα χαλκα f35 Mb,d,e,hpt 𝕻47(ℵ)A,C,CP,RP,HF,OC,NU,TR ¦ 13 Me⅙,h⅖,i¼ ¦ — Ma,f,g,ipt § 9:20 δυναται f35 Ma,e¼,f,gpt,i⅓ 𝕻47,CP,RP,HF,OC,TR ¦ δυνανται Ma¼,b,d,e,gpt,h,i⅔ 𝕻85,115ℵA,C,NU * 9:21 φαρμακειων f35 Md,e,h⅔,i RP,OC,TR ¦ φαρμακιων Md⅕,e¼,gpt A,CP ¦ φαρμακων Ma,b,f,gpt,h⅓ 𝕻47ℵC,HF,NU